Which of the following are classified as neonicotinoid pesticides?

Neonicotinoid pesticides are a class of insecticides modeled after nicotine, and they act by affecting the central nervous system of insects. The correct choice includes imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, both of which belong to this group. These compounds are commonly used in agriculture and pest control due to their effectiveness in targeting various pests while being less harmful to beneficial insects when used correctly.

Imidacloprid is often employed for controlling termites, fleas, and other pest insects, while thiamethoxam serves a similar role and is known for its systemic properties, allowing it to be absorbed by plants and affecting pests that feed on them. The mechanisms of action of these neonicotinoids involve binding to neural pathways, which disrupts normal nerve function, leading ultimately to the insect's death.

Other choices include pesticides that belong to different chemical classes. Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate, bifenthrin is a pyrethroid, copper sulfate is a fungicide, sulfuryl fluoride is a fumigant, and permethrin and cyfluthrin are also classified as pyrethroids. These compounds operate through different modes of action and are not classified as neonicotinoids, making the