Which insecticides do NOT target the insects' nervous system?

Borates are a class of insecticides that do not primarily target the insects' nervous system. Unlike pyrethroids, carbamates, and organophosphates, which act mainly by disrupting nervous system functions—leading to paralysis and death in insects—borates function differently.

Borates, such as sodium borate, act as a stomach poison when ingested by insects and also have a desiccant effect, which means they can cause dehydration. They disrupt the insect's digestive processes and can interfere with their ability to metabolize food, ultimately leading to death from starvation or dehydration rather than direct nerve damage. This makes them effective for pest control without impacting the nervous system directly, which sets them apart from the other options that explicitly target neuronal function.